Prolonged screen time, a common occupational hazard in today’s digital world, often leads to eye strain. Symptoms can include headaches, dry eyes, discomfort, and blurry vision.
“It’s a common problem in our digital age,” explains Dr. Douglas Wisner, chief of cataract and primary eye care at Wills Eye Hospital in Philadelphia.
Let’s explore the causes of these visual issues and address any concerns.
Why does screen time cause blurry vision?
According to Amy Watts, director of vision rehabilitation at Massachusetts Eye and Ear hospital, there are two primary causes. Firstly, screen focus significantly reduces blinking frequency, leading to dry eyes. “Your eyelids act like windshield wipers, keeping your eyes clear,” she explains. Insufficient blinking is like raindrops accumulating on a windshield, impairing vision.
Secondly, sustained focus on a fixed point fatigues the eye muscles. “These muscles must work perfectly for clear vision,” Watts notes. Prolonged use results in muscle fatigue and subsequent vision impairment.
These issues can result in temporary blurred vision and other symptoms, including headaches, redness, itchiness, eye fatigue, and general discomfort.
How can I prevent or treat digital eye strain?
Regular visual breaks are crucial. The 20/20/20 rule (every 20 minutes, look 20 feet away for 20 seconds) is often suggested, but even longer breaks—perhaps a five-minute break every hour—might be more effective in preventing digital eye strain.
“The key is to take breaks and avoid prolonged screen time,” Watts emphasizes. “This helps relax your focus and allows your muscles to rest.” (Breaks also provide opportunities to stand, stretch, and move.)
Eye drops can help combat dryness from reduced blinking. Preventive use is most effective, but they also treat existing symptoms. Watts recommends using them every few hours if blurry vision is a recurring issue. However, it’s important to use preservative-free products to avoid irritation.
Maintaining bright lighting and clean screens is also beneficial. Dirty screens hinder focus, leading to faster fatigue.
What about blue-light glasses?
Regarding blue-light glasses, Steven Reed, president of the American Optometric Association, states, “They likely won’t hurt.” However, research on their efficacy in alleviating eye strain is limited.
While blue-light glasses may not be essential, limiting screen time before bed is advisable, as nighttime device use can disrupt sleep. “Poor sleep contributes to chronic fatigue and eye strain,” Wisner explains. “It’s a cycle.”
Should I be concerned about digital eye strain?
Generally, digital eye strain doesn’t indicate a serious problem, but rather a natural consequence of using your eyes in ways they weren’t designed for.
“For centuries, we didn’t sit at desks staring at screens,” Wisner notes. “Our bodies weren’t adapted for this.”
However, persistent, severe, or regular eye strain might signal underlying vision problems. If symptoms are bothersome or don’t improve with simple remedies, consult an eye care professional. Simple solutions like over-the-counter reading glasses or prescription adjustments might be helpful.
Children’s complaints of blurry vision or eye discomfort after device use should be taken seriously. Screen time can contribute to myopia in children, so professional evaluation is recommended.